Why lathe machine is used

It can be used for machining cylindrical surfaces , both external and internal, and also for the turning of conical surfaces or tapers. An additional feature of the lathe, is its ability to cut screw threads on a cylindrical surface that has already been machined. The accuracy of the work done on a lathe depends on the skill and experience of the operator. A lot of time is taken for tool changing, tool setting , etc.

It is mainly used in tool rooms and workshops for the making of prototypes, and also for maintenance work. Unable to display preview. If the workpiece is small then there is no need of Tailstock and if the workpiece is large, then only there is a need of it to support the workpiece.

As the name indicates that it works its operations automatically, that is there is no need of operator during the performance of experiment. Depending upon the operation, it can changes its tool automatically and there is no need to change the tool one operation after the other manually.

Due to this automatic machines, a single operator can handles more than one machine effectievely. As the name indicates that it is a Special Purpose lathe, which means that it can perform only special operations which are not performed by standard machines. Some of the special purpose lathes include Wheel lathes, Multi Spindle lathes, Vertical lathes, T-lathe, Tracer lathes, etc.

The components produced by the CNC lathe are having high dimensional accuracy. No manual operators are required. Just a program is written in the form of G-Codes and M-Codes to run various operations on the components. These are the various types of Lathe machines.

Now lets see the working principle of it in a detailed way. The basic function of the Lathe machine is to remove the material from the surface of the workpiece by the usage of cutting tools providing the necessary amount of feed and this can be done by placing the workpiece in the chuck which rotates with the help of a motor. The headstock consists of a Power transmission system where the action will be provided by engaging with suitable levers.

It also consists of a chuck where it can hold the workpiece firmly. The tool is placed in the Toolpost and is perpendicular to the workpiece for removing the material from the circumference of the workpiece such that the diameter can be reduced. When the power supply is given, the chuck starts rotating with the help of a power transmission system and the workpiece placed inside the chuck also rotates.

With respect to the workpiece, the Tailstock is used. Now w. For Turning operation , the workpiece and the tool are perpendicular to each other whereas, in the Taper turning operation , the tool and the workpiece are inclined to each other. In this way, by giving the necessary amount of feed, material removal takes place.

The speed can be increased by the levers in the Headstock by changing them w. The lathe machine can be performed Manually or Automatically. In small scale industries , we can go with manual operation whereas, in large scale industries, CNC machines are used where they can run automatically with the help of the program.

The operations which are performed on the lathe machine are called lathe operations and are as follows. The process of removing material from the circumference of the workpiece is called Turning Operation.

If the material is removed in terms of steps from the surface of the workpiece then it is called a Step turning operation. A lathe is a machine tool that rotates a workpiece about an axis of rotation to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling , deformation, facing, and turning , with tools that are applied to the workpiece to create an object with symmetry about that axis.

Lathes are used in woodturning, metalworking, metal spinning, thermal spraying, parts reclamation, and glass-working. Most suitably equipped metalworking lathes can also be used to produce most solids of revolution, plane surfaces, and screw threads or helices.

Ornamental lathes can produce three-dimensional solids of incredible complexity. The workpiece is usually held in place by either one or two centers, at least one of which can typically be moved horizontally to accommodate varying workpiece lengths.

Other work-holding methods include clamping the work about the axis of rotation using a chuck or collet, or to a faceplate, using clamps or dog clutch. Examples of objects that can be produced on a lathe include screws, candlesticks, gun barrels, cue sticks, table legs, bowls, baseball bats, musical instruments especially woodwind instruments , crankshafts, and much more. A lathe is a machining tool that is used primarily for shaping metal or wood. It works by rotating the workpiece around a stationary cutting tool.

The main use is to remove unwanted parts of the material, leaving behind a nicely shaped workpiece. There are many types of lathes that are specialized for different materials and techniques. People have used lathes to make parts for other machinery, as well as specialty items like bowls and musical instruments. Whatever the type and function, they all operate using this basic holding and rotating mechanism. All parts of the lathe are attached to the bed. This forms the base of the lathe and is one of the factors that determine the size of the piece.

That is, the distance from the main spindle to the bed will tell you the maximum diameter limit. Lathes are designed to remove material from workpieces by exposing them to a cutting tool. The workpiece is attached to the lathe, rotating as it is pushed into a cutting tool. The rotational movement of the workpiece enables fast, efficient, and precise material removal. Lathes are large and complex machines that consist of many individual components. The headstock, for example, is the component that holds the workpiece while it is turning.

Lathes also have a tailstock to which the workpiece can be attached. The tailstock is typically used for exceptionally large or long workpieces. The headstock should be on the left, and the tailstock should be on the right. The headstock is where the main action happens. This is where the power of the motor is applied to the workpiece. Part of its purpose it to hold the main spindle, so you should see this spindle here as well.

The motor can be found on the underside of the lathe bed, on the left near the headstock. It is often some type of electric motor, but a lathe can have a hydraulic motor as well. You can adjust the tool rest for height and rotation, but for safety reasons, you should only do this when the machine is off. Just like with the tool rest, you should never make these adjustments when the lathe is in operation. The spindles, including the rotating main spindle that holds the workpiece, can be outfitted with different attachments and accessories.

To allow for these fittings, the main spindle is often hollow and threaded on the outside. Some useful attachments for the main spindle include centers, chucks, and faceplates. You can use these to position the workpiece and hold it in place. These include shaping, drilling, sanding, knurling, turning, cutting, and deformation. If you need a precision cutting and shaping tool, a lathe might be perfect for your project. Lathes are good for teams that need a versatile piece of equipment capable of doing the work of multiple tools.

As you might know from experience, these are the moments when mistakes occur. These lathe safety guides from Purdue University and West Virginia University give some crucial things to watch out for:. If not, the right time to get equipped is before lathe operation. Never wear gloves, rings, or a watch while using a lathe. The headstock is usually located on the left side of the lathe and is equipped with gears, spindles, chucks, gear speed control levers, and feed controllers. The headstock is usually on the left side of the lathe and is equipped with gears, spindles, chucks, gear speed control levers, and feed controls.

The main parts of the lathe, all parts are bolted to the bed. It includes the headstock, tailstock, carriage rails, and other parts. The carriage is located between the headstock and tailstock and contains an apron, saddle, composite support, cross slide, and tool holder.

The chip pan is used to collect the chips generated during the lathe operation. The wheel is hand-operated to move a cross slide, carriage, tailstock, and other parts with a handwheel. The cooling device mainly uses a cooling water pump to suppress the slotted liquid in the water tank, spray it on the cutting point, wash the chips, and lower the cutting temperature.

Smooth the surface to improve tool and tool life. Surface processing quality of the workpiece. They are supports that carry the entire weight of the machine over them. The prevailing method is to use cast legs. Both feet are firmly secured to the floor through foundation spots to prevent vibration in the machine. This is the control box for the feed movement of the lathe.

It is furnished with a mechanism that turns the rotary motion of the light rod and the lead screw to the linear motion of the tool post.

The hole through the headstock to which bar stock can be fed, which allows shafts that are up to 2 times the length between lathe centers to be worked on one end at a time. Mounted on the traverse slide of the carriage, and uses a handwheel to feed tools into the workpiece.